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Becoming a Trauma-Aware Clinician: Definitions and Assessment - Test
by Laura S. Brown, Ph.D., ABPP

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1. The definition of a trauma in the mental health field:	Help
Has remained constant over time. Currently reflects a fear-based paradigm of trauma exposure. Currently defines a trauma as "outside the range of usual human experience." All of the above

2. Controversy exists over whether the following constitutes a traumatic stressor within the current DSM-5 definition:	Help
Hate crimes Childhood physical abuse Childhood sexual abuse Sexual harassment in the workplace

3. In DSM-5, PTSD is found in which category?	Help
Anxiety disorders Affective disorders Dissociative disorders Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders

4. Which of the following emotions are required to be present for a person to meet DSM-5 criteria for trauma exposure?	Help
Disgust Numbness Humiliation None of the above

5. The DSM-5 criteria for PTSD overlap with which other diagnosis?	Help
Delusional disorder with paranoid features Major depressive disorder Bipolar II Somatoform disorder

6. Porges is the researcher most associated with:	Help
Exposure therapist for trauma. Polyvagal theories of trauma. Mindfulness treatments for trauma. None of the above

7. According to currently available data, a traumatized person's neurobiology will be best characterized by activation of the:	Help
Sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Dorsal vagal system. Anterior cingulate gyrus. Both 1 and 2

8. Which of the following statements is accurate about Insidious Trauma/Microaggression?	Help
Only persons of color experience insidious trauma. An insidious trauma or micro-aggression is likely to immediately be perceived as traumatic by its target. Insidious trauma is often invisible to those perpetrating it. Insidious trauma is easier to deal with because it is so much more common than Criterion A trauma.

9. Transgenerational transmission of trauma is most likely due to:	Help
Poor parenting by trauma survivors. Epigenetic effects of trauma. Persistence of problematic environments in the lives of descendants of traumatized people. Excuses made by groups of people who believe themselves singled out for oppressive treatment.

10. When people hold the assumptions in the 'just world hypothesis', they are more likely to:	Help
Be pessimistic about their lives when things go badly. Ascribe personal blame to most traumatized individuals. Ascribe an external locus for solutions to their problems. Believe one is not in control of one's life and destiny.

11. A betrayal trauma:	Help
Occurs only in the context of childhood sexual abuse. Can occur whenever a person or institution betrays trust. Leaves the person completely asymptomatic for long periods of time. Can be diagnosed by the presence of delayed recall of the trauma.

12. According to Courtois and Ford, the underlying conditions for the development of Complex Trauma (CTr) include trauma that:	Help
Occurs at developmentally vulnerable times. Is repetitive and prolonged, involving abuse and neglect. Reflects histories of inescapable situations. All of the above

13. According to the ACE study, as the number of adverse events in a child's life goes up, which of the following also occur at higher rates?	Help
Adolescent pregnancy and pregnancy complications Cancer Auto-immune disorders All of the above

14. Which brain structures have been found to be affected by trauma exposure?	Help
Pons, brain stem, corpus callosum Medial temporal lobe, visual cortex Broca's area, HPA axis, hippocampus All of the above

15. Complex trauma often presents clinically as:	Help
Borderline personality. Avoidant personality. Schizotypal personality. A and B

16. Trauma exposure is a known risk factor for the following:	Help
Somatoform disorders Dissociative disorders Substance abuse disorders All of the above

17. Trauma exposure should be considered as a possible source of symptoms any time a person presents with symptoms of:	Help
Psychosis. Paraphilias. Factitious disorder. Eating disorder.

18. Which of the following is true?	Help
Developmental factors are the most potent variable to be considered in how a person responds to trauma exposure. Developmental factors should always be considered as one of several important variables when understanding trauma response. Certain symptoms are more likely to emerge when trauma occurs in specific developmental phases. Both 2 and 3

19. Resilience in traumatized people is evidenced by:	Help
Complete remission of symptoms. Never developing symptoms after trauma exposure due to emotional hardiness. Rising to existential challenges of trauma and finding a new world-view. Forgiving the person or system that traumatized them.

20. Formal psychological assessment of trauma sequelae:	Help
Should always be done in order to ascertain whether a client is malingering or exaggerating symptoms. Is best accomplished with standard objective measures such as the MMPI-II or MCMI-III. Should rarely be done, as it disrupts the fragile therapeutic alliance with trauma survivors. Can be done using trauma-specific instruments that can be used by all clinicians.

21. Trauma exposure may be implicated in the following clinical presentations:	Help
Dementia Borderline intellectual functioning Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder None of the above: they are all purely neurological in origin

22. Malingering is a consideration when assessing trauma sequelae:	Help
In every case. In cases involving child custody. In forensic and compensation cases. It is never a consideration, as people have so much shame about trauma that they are more likely to downplay than to malinger symptoms.

23. Although screening instruments such as the PDS and IES-R can be used by all clinicians, an important caveat in using them is to understand that they:	Help
Can be considered diagnostic tools. Require extensive training before administering. Can be activating for survivors who are not yet prepared to disclose trauma symptoms. All of the above

24. An advantage of using the Trauma-Symptom Inventory-2 is that it is:	Help
More comprehensive including symptoms of CTr. Relatively brief, reliable, and valid. Allows the clinician to track changes in symptom picture over time. All of the above

Becoming a Trauma-Aware Clinician: Definitions and Assessment - Test by Laura S. Brown, Ph.D., ABPP

Becoming a Trauma-Aware Clinician: Definitions and Assessment - Test
by Laura S. Brown, Ph.D., ABPP